Selective signaling system



J. A HULIT.

SELECTIVE SIGNALING SYSTEM, I

APPLICATIQN FILED MAR.8, 1917. I W

' Patemeii Get. 26

7 SHEETSSHEET Imrenlur Ham-1g J. A. HULITF SELECTIVE SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FIILED MAR. 11 1917 1,356,62 Patented 001a. 26,1920.

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J. A. HULIT.

SELECTIVE SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 8, 1917.

1,356,626,, Patented 0st. 26, 1920:

7 SHEETSSHEET 3.

J. A. HULIT.

SELECTIVE SIGNALING SYSTEM. APFLlCAT-ION FlLED MAR. 8, 1917.

1 356 626, Patented Oct. 26, 1920..

ZSHEETSSHEET 4.

J [EZUEZYIUP 1. A. HULIT;

SELECTJVE SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 8, \I917.

Patented Oct. 26,1920.

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1. A. HULIT.

SELEC'HVE SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. a. 1917.

1,356,626 Patented Oct; 26, 1920.

'7 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

' [nLrE'rzZm J. A. HULIT.

SELECTIVE SIGNALING SYSTEM.

. APPLICATION FILED MAR. s. 1917. 1 Patented 0613. 26, 1920.-

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llll illll ll l' cfmfiflwz UNETED STATES Parser orsica.

JOHN A. HULIT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO AUTOMATIC ELECTRICCOMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

SELECTIVE SIGNALING SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct. 26, 1920.

' Original application fi led March 16, 1912, Serial No. 684,114. PatentNo.'1,221,801. dated April 3, 1917.

Divided and this application filed March 8, 1917. Serial No. 154,065.

T 0 all w 710m it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN A. HULrT,.a citizen of the United States ofAmerica,aI 1d resident of Chicago, Cook county, Illinois, have inventeda certain new and .useful Improvement in Selective Signaling Systems, ofwhich the following is a specification. Y

My invention relates to selective signaling systems and apparatus foruse in connection with such systems, and it relates more particularly-toselectively signaling stations over a telephone or telegraph line.

In this connection it is particularly adapted I for use in connectionwith telephone train despatching systems.

A further feature of my invention is the provision of means in thesignaling apparatus associated with the line whereby any or all of thesignaling devices may be released with a single impulse followed by aspace.

A further new feature is the provision of a signaling instrument of thecharacter described having a plurality of bank contacts in combinationwith a wiper whereby the wiper may be carried into engagement with aplurality of circuitsat one time.

. A further object is the provision of means whereby by a singleoperation of the dial a connection can be built up at one of thestations and a short ring automatically given. By a second operation ofthe dial the connection is completed and the bell begins to ring andcontinues to ring for a period of time.

A further feature is an improved answerback arrangement whereby theoperator is advised of the fact that the signal at the station beingcalled is being operated.

These and many other features and objects of my invention will be moreparticularly pointed out in the following description in which I haveillustrated one particular embodiment of my invention.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a planview of a substationselector. 7

Fig. 2 is an elevation of the same with the side plate 3 removed.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the main office calling device.

Fig. 4 is a. front view of the calling device with the dial and fingerlever removed.

Fig. 5 is a rear view of the calling device.

Fig. 6 is a similar view with the plate 11 removed.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the same on line 77 in Fig. 6.

Figs. 8 and Q-represent the circuit connections of the calling device.

Figs. 10'an'cl 11 are detail views of parts of the calling device. Flg.l 2'represents a line circuit comprismg one central station and twosubstations. Flg. 13 represents a line circuitin which the substationsare provided with semaphores. r

' The mechanism of the substation selector shown in Figs. 1 and 2'ismounted between two mounting plates 2 and 3 which are secured to'thebase block 4 and the spacing posts 5 and 6. Journaled betweenthe plates2 and 3 there is a shaft 7 carrying a ratchet wheel 8 rigidly securedthereto. The haft 7 is maintained in its normal position with the pin 9in the wheel 8 resting against the stationary stop post 10 by means of asmall spiral spring 11, one end of which spring. is secured tothe shaft7 and the other end to the pin 12. The ratchet wheel 8 may be rotatedforwardby means of an electromagnet 13 through the medium of' itspivoted armature 14 and the pawl 15, which latter is secured to theupper end of said armature. wheel in any advanced position against thetension of the spring 11 thereis a holdin pawl 16 which is rigidlysecured to the sha t 17, which shaft is pivoted between the side plates2 and 3. This pawl is held in engagement with the ratchet wheel by thepreponderance of weight of its rear end. A

throw-off is provided for the holding pawl 16, said throw-off comprisinga balance wheel 18 which is secured to a shaft pivoted between the sideplates. Near the rim of the wheel 18 thereis a' weight 19 which tends torotate the Wheel-in a counter-clockwise direction, as shown in' Fig. 2.Secured to the shaft 17 with the pawl 16 there is a lever 20 whichprojects into'the path of a pin 21 in the side of the wheel 18. In thesame side of the wheel 18, approximately diametrically opposite the pin21, there is a second pin 22. Pivoted between the plates 2 and 3, behindthe armature 14, there is- For maintaining theratchet .18 starts toreturn to normal position.

deenergizations of the magnet.

on the armature 14. A helical spring 27 tends to turn the shaft 23 totip the arm 24 downward, but is normally restrained by the engagement ofthe arm 25 with the lug 26. When the magnet 13 is energized, thearmature 14 is drawn forward, the pawl 15 rotates the wheel 8 forwardone step and the arm 24 is tipped downward by the spring 27. When. thearm 24 is tipped downward it strikes the pin 22 to rotate the wheel 18ina clockwise direction to cause the .pin 21 to rise and. allow theholding pawl 16 to rise into engagement with the teeth of the wheel 8 tohold it in its advanced position. When the magnet 13 is denergized, thearmature 14 drops back' and raises the arm 24, whereupon the whele themagnet 13 remains deenergized for .a suflicient length of time, thewheel 18 will return far enough for the pin 21 to strike the lever 20 towithdraw the pawland per-' mit the wheel 8 to return to itsnormalposition. slightly overbalanced and therefore rotates backwardslowly, so that if the magnet 13 is energized again quickly it mayarrest'the return of'the throw-off 18 before it has released the wheel8, and said wheel will be advanced a second step and retained in thisposition. It is thus evident that the wheel 8 may be advancedcontinuously step by step if the deenergizations of the magnet betweensteps are of short duration only, but if a denergization of a longerduration ensues the wheel will be released. In the side of the wheel 18there i a pin 28 and in the side of the wheel 8 there are a number ofpins 29. The paths of rotation of the pins 28 and 29 intersect. The pins29 are so arranged that when the wheel 8 has been advanced a certainnumber of teeth, one of said pins 29 will be advanced into the path ofthe pin 28. lVhen a pin 29 is thus in the There are a plurality of thepins 29 in the wheel 8, so that the magnet 13 may be deenergized for along period at different points in the rotation of the wheel 8 withoutreleasing said wheel. Secured to the inside of the plate 3, butinsulated therefrom,

there are two pairs of electrical contacts 31' and 32 which are adaptedto be contacted by an arm 30 on the shaft 7 after the wheel 8 has beenrotated a certain number of steps. From the foregoing it is evident thatthe wheel 8 may be rotated to bring the arm 30 into contactwith thesprings 32 and 31 by a certain number of successive impulses through themagnet 13, or by a series of groups of impulses separated by prolongedFor in- The wheel 18, however, is only stance, if a su cient'number ofimpulses are transmitted t rough the magnet to rotate the first pin 29into the path of the pin 28, then the magnet may be deenergized as longas desired without causing the wheel 8 to be released. In a similarmanner the magnet 13 may be denergized any lengthof time while either ofthe next two pins 29 is in the path of the pin 28. The last two pins 29'are positioned so that'when they are in the path of the pin 28 the arm30 is in engagement with either the spring 31 or the spring32. It isthus evident that the position of the first three of the pins 29determines the grouping of the impulses by which. the selector may beoperated. Thus,

f if a'plurality of the selectors are operated in multiple and thepositions of the first three pins 29 are not the same in any two ofthem, and if pauses occur in the impulsesevery time one of the pins-29insome particular selector comes into the path of the pin 28, it will beseen that the wheel 8 of this selector willbe continuously progressed,while the wheels 8 in all the others will be released at least once andwill not, therefore, be fully operated if the total number (Fig.7),which are held apart by suitable posts, there is a shaft 45 to the endof which in front of a cover plate 99, there is secure a dial 42provided with a plurality of finger 1 holds. Secured to this shaft thereare a plurality of toothed cam wheels 43, two of which are shown in'faceview in Figs. 10 and 11. Above the wheels 43 there area. correspondingnumber of normally closed pairs of contact springs 44. Upon the lowerend of the long spring of each pair there is a small lateral projectionwhich projects into the path of the teeth of the wheels'43, so thatwhenever the teeth on any one of the Wheels come directly under itspairs of springs, said springs are separated. The teeth on the'diiferentwheels 43 are so arran ed that in each rotary position of the shaft,corresponding to the finger holds of the dial 42, three pairs of springsare opened, a different combination of pairs beingoperated in eachposition. Around the rear end of the shaft 45 there is a clock spring 46for the purpose of returning said shaft to normal position after it hasbeen rotated forward through the medium of the dial 42. -The speed ofrotation of the shaft 45 is controlled by a small governor 47 which isconnected with the said shaft through the medium of the gear wheels 48,49 and 50. A pin 51 in the plate 41 serves as a normal stop for theshaft 45 by being Journaled in the plates 41 and there is also a shaft58 to the rear end of which there is secured a disk of insulation 61 tothe face of which there is secured a metallic plate 62, upon whichlatter there is mounted a wiper or brush 59 (Fig. 5) whichis adapted torotate over and make contact with a plurality of insulated contacts 60.The power for rotating the shaft 58 is supplied by a clock spring 62"(Fig. 4) on the shaft 63. The power is transmitted from the shaft 63 tothe shaft 58 through the medium of the gears 64 and 65. The gear wheel64is not rigidly secured to the shaft 63, but is loosely mounted thereonand connected therewith through the medium of a pawl'151 and ratchet 150so as to rotate with the shaft in one direction only. The speed ofrotation of the shaft 58 is controlled by the governor 66 through themedium of the gears 67,68, 69, 70 and 71. Secured to the shaft 63, infront of the plate 40, there is a gear wheel 72 which meshes with a gearwheel 7 3 which is loosely mounted upon the shaft 45. Secured to thegear wheel 73 there is an arm 74 which extends up throu h an opening inthe cover plate 99 and ra ially out behind.

the dial, andis then bent back over itsface,

the end extending inward beyond the inner the tension of a spring 77 bya pin 78 in the back of the wheel 73. The downward move ment of thelever 74 is limited by a' stop,

79 on the plate 99 (Fig. 3). t

The mode of operation of the calling de vice is as follows: Each of thefinger holds of the dial 42 is numbered or otherwise designated inaccordance with thedesignaition of the substations to. be called by it.In order to call any substation a finger is .inserted in a finger holdof the dial and the dial is rotated until the finger strikes the lever74 and forces it down against the stop 7 9. Upon the initial movement.of the lever 74 the ratchet 54 is released and drops down into the teethof the ratchet wheel 53. As the lever 74 continues to be pulled down itwinds up the spring 62 and rotates the lever 75' (Fig. 6) out of thepath of the pin 76. The wheel 64, and consequently the shaft 58, do notrotate'during this forward movement of the 'lever74 because of theratchet connection between the shaft 63 and the wheel 64. The pitch ofthe worm of the governor 66 and the wheel 67 is such as to prevent abackward rotation of the governor by said wheel, which serves asapositive lock to prevent the shaft 58 from being rotated backward..After the finger lever 74 has come into contact with the stop 79, thefinger is removed from the finger hold, whereupon the lever 74 begins tobe restored to its normal position by the spring 62*, while the dialremains held in its advanced position by the ratchet 54. As the lever 74returns to normal position, the shaft 58 is rotated also to cause thewiper 59 torotate over the contacts 60. The ratio of the gear wheel isso chosen that while the lever 7 4'is returning from its operatedposition to its normal position the shaft 58 will make one completerevolution. Therefore, when'said shaft completes its revolution, the pin76 finds the lever 75 again in its path,

whereby both the shaft 58 and the finger lever 74 are brought to rest innormal position.

Just before the finger lever reaches its normal position, however, thepin 78 forces the ratchet 54 out of the teeth of the wheel 53 and allowsthe dial to be restored to its normal position by the spring 46. seenthat whenever the calling device is operated, the wiper 59 makes onecomplete revolution over the contacts 60, while the dial remains in someadvanced position, corresponding to the'finger hold-used on the dial.

As has been explained, when the dial is 1'0: tated it causes the camwheels 43 to separate. three difi'erent pairs of the springs 44 in eachof its stop position. t

The electrical connections 'of the calling device shown in Fig.v 8 areas follows: The wiper 59 is connected through the medium of a brush 80with an intermediate point of the battery B. There are twenty four ofthe contacts 60 and the wiper 59 normally rests upon the last one. Theimpulses are transmitted from the calling device to the line through themedium of two relays 81,

[and 82- The firstthree of the contacts 60 are permanently connectedwith the relays 81 and 82: The space-between the contacts 1 and 2 islonger than the space between the remaining contacts. The contacts 4 and5 are connected with the relays through re 'spective' pairs of thesprings 44, the contact 6 is ermanently connected with the relays, whilethe remaining contacts up to and including the contact 16 are connectedwith the relays through the springs 44.. Thecontacts 17 and 18 areermanently connected with the relays.

open. The contacts 20 and 21 are connected together and are alsoconnected with the spring 83 of a manually operated key K.

he contact 19 is It will thus be I The contact 22 is open. The contact23 is connected to a spring 84, of a key K, and the contact 24 isconnected to a spring 85 of the other side of the same key. The relays81 and 82 are adapted, when energized, to bridge the battery'Bbetweenthe two line conductors 86 and'87. Besides the keys k and K thereis also shown associated with the calling device an impulse sendingdevice S whichmay be operated to transmit a certain number of impulses,in this case two, through the relays 81 and 82 each time it is operated.This device may be a call box, such as is used in well known district.telegraph systems, and is diagrammatically represented herein by animpulse wheel which is adapted to contact twice with a brush or wiperduring each revolution.

. In Fig. 12 there is shown a line circuit comprising two conductors 88'and 89 across The bells 91 and 92 may be of the ordinary vibrating type"The secondary winding of the induction coil is brid ed across the lineconductors 88 and 89. ach substation is also provided with a telephoneinstrument which is bridged-across the line. At the main or centralstation A the line conductors 88 and 89 terminate in contacts of atwo-pole switch S, bymeans of which a calling device similar to thatdescribed herein may be connectedto the line. F ig. 12 only the relays81 and 82' are shown. Thejmanner' in which said relays are .controlledis fully shown in Fig. 8. The main stationA is also provided with atelephone. By means of the switch S the calling device may be connectedwith any one of a number ofv difierent lines.

The complete operations by means of A which the operator at the stationA may signal. one of the substations A or A are as follows: It will beassumed that it is de- "sired to call the substation A and that saidsubstation is provided with a selector in which the pins 29 are placedas shown in Fig. 2. In said figure the pins 29 are-so spaced that thecode number of this station, as ,represented'by the grouping of theimpulses, is 3-3-3-5. In order to call the station A the operator mustfirst operate the switch 8 to connect the .calling device 1 is situated,then place a fingerin the finger with the line upon whichthe substationA hold allotted to that substation and operate the Idial as heretoforeexplained. The cam wheels 13 must be so arranged that when the dial' isoperated through the medium of this fin 'er hold it will separate thesecond, fifth an ninth pairs of t e springs 44, counting a from the leftin Fig. 8, whereby the contact points 5, 9 and 13in the group-60 aredisconnected from the relays 81 and 8 2. When the dial and lever 74 arereleased, the wiper -59 begins to return to normal position. As thewiper 59 passes over the Contact 1, the relays 81 and 82 are energizedand cause one impulse of current to flow out over the line, wherebyallthe selectors are advanced one step. Thisfirst impulse is followed. by along pause, while the wiper is passing over the long space between thecontacts 1 and 2. This pause causes all the selectors. to be immediatelyreleased andtheir wheels 8 to be returned to normal position. Thispreliminary impulse is, therefore, for the purpose. of insuring that allthe selectors shall be in normal position before the selecting impulsesbegin to be sent in. As the wiper 59 passes over the remaining contacts2 to 18, a total of fourteen impulses are transmitted to the selectors,which impulses are divided into four groups of three, three, three andfive impulses, respectively, the groups being separated bypauses causedby the wiper passing over the contacts 5, 9 and 14, which contacts aredisconnected from the relays 81 and 82 by the operation of the dial, asexplained above. During these pauses the selector at the substation A isprevented from being released b the cooperation of the pins 28 and 29, wile the setherefore, remains in this position'until the wiper 59 passesover the contact 23, whereby one more impulse is transmitted through theselector, causing the wheel 8, to be ad- .vanced one more step to removethe pin 29 from the path of the pin 28, whereby said wheel is returnedto normal position as soon I as the magnet 13 is deenergized. When thearm 30 engages the contact 31, a circuit is closed through the bell 91,the battery B and the primary. winding of the induction coil 93, wherebythe operator at the substation A is signaled. Since the circuit of thebell includes one winding of the induction coil 93, the other. windingof which is bridged across the line, the interruption of current in thebell circuit produces a buzz in the .line circuit so as to signify tothe operator at-the main station A that the bell at the calledsubstation is ringing. As has been explained, there are two bells 91 and92 at each substation." The bell 92 might be used to signal a secondoperator at the same -substation, or it might be used as an emergencybell. In order to cause the bell 92 to be rung, the attendant at themainofiice A,

before operating the calling device, throws the lever of the key K tothe right so as to close the contact between the springs 83 and 94,whereby the .contacts 20 and 21 are connected with the relays 81 and 82.In this whenever either bell is rung. When the key K is operated tocause the bell 92 to be rung, it disconnects the contact 23 from therelays 81 and 82 by separating the springs 94 and 100. In this case noimpulse is sent out on the line to release the selector when the wiper59 passes over the contact 23 and the bell 92 rings continuously. Thesele ctor may be released in this case by throwing the kev K to the leftmomentarily, whereby an impulse is transmitted thro ugh the'relays 81and 82 by way of the brush 80, wiper 59, contact 24and the springs 96;

If, before a call is made, the lever of the key K is thrown to the rightto separate the spring 84 from the spring 95, the key K remainingnormal, no impulse will be sent out over the line when the wiper 59passes over the contact 23, and the selector at the called substationwill not be released, but its bell 91 will ring continuously. In orderto release the selector in this case, the key K is thrown to the leftmomentaril has come to rest upon t e contact 24, whereby the relays 81and 82 are-energized momentarily.

It is evident from the above description that the position of the firstthree pins 29 in the wheel 8 of the selectors determines their codenumbers, or the manner in which the impulses must be grouped to operatethem. For instance, it will be seen that by changing'the ositions of oneor more of these pins in t e selector shown, it may be made to respondto the numbers 3-3'4-4, 3--3-53, etc. Although each selector is adaptedto respond to impulses which are separated into groups in a certain way,it will alsorespond to fourteen impulses in one undivided group, so thatall stations may be signaled simultaneously as well as selec- I tively.Some certain number on the dial of the calling device may be reservedfor calling all the stations simultaneously, and the wheels 43 are soarranged that when this number is called the impulses will'not bebro'keninto small groups.

By duplicating the contacts 31 and 32, as shown at 31 and 32 in thesubstation A the bells 91 and 92 may be rung alternately, or any numberof contacts may be employed and each contact may be connected to aseparate bell if desired. The impulsesfor stepafter the wiper 59 pingthe wiper 30 from one contact to the next may be produced by the deviceS (Fig.

8), said devlce being arranged to produce the exact number ofimpulsesnecessary to move the w per from one contact to the next.

The ratchet wheel'8 of the selector may be stepping the wiper at onestation from one contact to another will not cause the, wiper at any ofthe other stations to be moved into engagement with its contacts. \Vhenthere is a plurality of contacts on the selector they should preferablybe at least two steps-apart, so that the selector may be released fromany position by a single impulse.

The electrical connections shown in Fig. 9 are the same as 'those shownin Fig. 8 with the exception that in Fig. 9 all the contacts 2 to 18,inclusive, are connectedv with the line relays through the springs 44,while in Fig. 8 some of the contacts are connected to the relays direct.The arrangement shown in Fig. 9 is the more general arrangement,

since it permits of a greater number of combinations to-be called. It isoften found that all the combinations desired may be obtained withoutever opening certain pairs of the springs 44, in which case thesesprings and their corresponding wheels 43 may be omitted from thecalling device and the corresponding contacts 60 connected to the relays81 and 82 direct, as shown in Fig. 8.

As shown herein, it will be seen that the battery Bis normally entirelydisconnected from the line circuit, and when an impulse is sent out, thetwo terminals of the battery are connected with the opposite sides ofthe line simultaneously. This is foundv to be much more satisfactorythan the usual arrangement, where one terminal of the battery ispermanently connected with one side 'of the line and the impulses areproduced by opening and closing the connection between the other side ofthe line and the other side of battery.

phore may be of any suitable type which i may be controlled electricallyfrom a distance and is. herein represented as being provided with amotor 100, which is included in a normally closed circuit to hold thesemaphore in its safe vposition. .-\t D there is shown an answerback'device 1n the form of a sender, such as is generally used indistrict telegraph systems. This answer back device. sends back to thesending operator a distinctive signal to inform him that the circuit ofthe semaphore motor at the station desired has been opened. Theoperation of the system as shown in Fi 13 is as follows: The answer backdevice is normally held in its set position by the magnet 101. When theselector arm 102 is operated to make contact with the second contactpoint 103, the magnet 101 releases the answer back device, whereupon thewheel 104 makes one complete revolution, while the arm 105 rises andseparates the springs 105 in the motor circuit, whereby the semaphore ispermitted to be rotated by gravity to the danger position: As the wheel104 makes its revolution a series of impulses are transmitted fromground Gr through the wheel-104 brush 106, thence through the operatedby said armature an two coils of the selectormagnet 107 and the two-lineconductors 108 and 109 in multiple, through an impedance coil 110, relay111 and battery B to ground G. The relay 111 controls the local circuitof a printing telegraph instrument which will record on a tape thesignal returned by the answer back device D, whereby the despatcher isinformed that the proper semaphore circuit has been 0 ened, It will benoted that the impulses or operating the selectors are transmitted overthe .two sides of the line-in series, while the impulses returned to thecentral ofiice b are transmitte over the two sides of the line inparallel, so that the devices intended to be operated by one kind ofimpulses are not aflected by the other kind. 7

While I have illustrated certain embodiments of m invention, it is to beunderstood {that a do not wish to be limited to those actually shown,as' many changes and modifications will readily suggest themselves andwill come within the scope of my invention. 1 p

What I claim as my' invention is:

1."In a selectively operated circuit controllingfdevice, a step-bysstepelement, con tacts" controlled thereby, an electromagnet,

an armature responsive to current impulses 7 through said elect omagnet,step ing means engaging the answer back device D said element to advanceit step by step in response to impulses through said electromagnet 'toclose said contacts, a holding member carried by said element, and ahold- I during a pause between series of impulses,

and means movable with said circuit closer, and rendering the balancewheel inoperative to release thecircuit closer, when said closer isadvanced to certain predetermined positions.

3. In a code signaling system, selectively operated devices having aratchetcontrolled movable element and contacts cooperating therewithwhereby said element may be operated in a step by step manner tosuccessivel close a plurality of circuits, a releasing evice alsooperated by said ratchet device and normally-tending to release theelement from any advanced position when said step by step movement ofthe element ceases, and a' plurality of differently positioned holdingmembers mounted on said movable lement and being so positioned as toprevent the releasing device from releasing said element when theelement'stops in certain vpredetermined positions. p

4. In a selectively operated circuit control-ler, a step by stepelement, having con- .tacts controlled thereby, a magnet having anarmature for operating said'element to suecessively close circuits, aholding pawl normally tending to hold said element in any position, abalanced wheel normally tending to disengage said pawl from saidelement, and means associated with said element for preventing saidbalance wheel from disengaging said pawl in certain predeterminedpositions of said element.

Signed by.me at Chicago, Cook county, Illinois, this 28th day of Februar 1917. 5

JOHN A. ULIT.

